基于无人机倾斜摄影的三维露头地质建模:以山西吕梁市坪头乡剖面为例^*          下载免费PDF全文

印森林  谭媛元  张磊  冯伟  刘善勇  晋静 《古地理学报》2018,20(5):909-924

针对野外露头地质知识库数据获取方法存在的不足,利用无人机倾斜摄影的敏捷、全局性视角及定量化程度高的特点,对山西吕梁市坪头乡剖面野外露头数据进行了采集、处理与地质解释,建立了野外露头区地质知识库,并以此为基础建立了典型区块野外露头内部三维地质模型。研究表明: (1)无人机倾斜摄影采集处理后数据模型具有三维坐标(经度、纬度和海拔)及对应的图像信息,可以准确定位并测量任意位置点坐标,为建立精准的地质知识库奠定了良好的基础;(2)对露头区储集层骨架与地质统计学参数进行了统计,建立了典型露头区地质知识库,主要包括储集层成因、砂体连续性与规模、砂体数量与相对比例、砂体几何形态和变差函数等参数;(3)在虚拟井位设置、岩性标定和储集层地质知识库的指导下,利用地质统计学变差函数的方法,建立了典型露头区三维地层-构造模型和2套岩性模型,模型与地质认识较为一致。  相似文献   

一种新型双体无人监测船风力作用下的运动特性变化预报研究     

官晟  何志强  金久才  王岩峰 《海洋科学》2017,41(8):70-75

小型双体无人监测船运行平稳,甲板尺寸大,吃水浅,在水环境监测、工程测量、巡逻跟踪、水产养殖等领域具有广阔的发展与应用前景。但该类船风阻大,水动力复杂,运动特性在风力作用下变化明显。本文对双体无人监测船的风作用力进行了分析,将风作用项引入其动力学模型。利用该模型,对其主要运动特性进行了仿真预报。仿真结果与现场实测数据具有良好的一致性。该研究结果可以为新型双体无人监测船运动控制算法在不同风作用环境下的适应性调整提供依据,从而提高其海上作业能力与控制精度。  相似文献   

面向智能查违的北斗无人机低空感知与服务系统     

王诚龙  王吉旭  张亮  赵悦璇 《地理信息世界》2017,(6):102-106

针对如何解决对城建中违章建筑进行全面有效监管的问题,设计研发了一种应用北斗无人机低空感知与服务技术的智能查违系统。利用北斗无人机搭载航空摄影设备获取城市定点区域遥感数据,通过实时数据通信传输模块将信息上传至多功能遥感数据处理平台进行动态处理,实现违章建筑的持续变化监测和查询,为监管部门提供数据支撑和决策依据。  相似文献   

A Robotics Perspective On Human Spaceflight     

Ellery  Alex 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1999,87(3):173-190

There has traditionally been a dichotomy in the space community regarding the efficacy of human versus robotic exploration of space. I argue that no such dichotomy is necessary, and that there is a natural and synergistic division of labour between man and machine, and that this division of labour will evolve in symbiotic fashion. The present state-of-the-art robotics technology is insufficient to replace the human in space, but is sufficient to act as a useful, even necessary, tool in aiding the astronaut in the conduct of useful work. I further argue that as robotics technology advances, the human will be further relieved to perform tasks best suited to human decision-making and flexibility that is unlikely in the near-term to be matched by autonomous or teleoperated machines. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

轻小型无人机在房屋建筑结构类型调查中的应用     

邓飞  窦爱霞  袁小祥 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(4):786-796

房屋建筑结构数据是了解房屋抗震设防能力的基础,获取房屋建筑结构信息具有重要的现实意义。本文在简单介绍无人机遥感系统、房屋建筑信息无人机遥感调查技术流程的基础上,以全国多地多架次飞行任务为应用实例,对无人机照片进行筛选、姿态匹配、照片拼接、纹理映射等处理,获取了房屋建筑密集区的正射镶嵌图和三维场景模型,然后对房屋建筑结构类型进行目视判读,并与地面调查的真实结果比对分析,计算得到目视判读的准确率为91.17%,Kappa系数为0.80。结果表明,轻小型无人机轻便灵活,获取的三维场景模型能有效、直观、准确地进行房屋建筑结构类型判定,可弥补传统实地调查的不足,为评估大范围建筑物的抗震能力提供重要的参考依据。  相似文献   

THE EXTRACTION OF HOUSE DISTRIBUTION BASED ON PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHOD:TAKING THE COUNTRYSIDE IN THE WEST OF CHINA FOR EXAMPLE          下载免费PDF全文

FAN Xi-wei  NIE Gao-zhong  DENG Yan  AN Ji-wen  LI Hua-yue  WU Bing 《地震地质》2017,39(4):805-818

The key parameters of houses such as distribution, area and height play an important role for urban-rural planning, earthquake emergency and disaster mitigation. The computer automatic extraction method is an effective way to acquire large area house information using satellite-borne or airborne optical remote-sensing images. However, because of the similarity of spectral characters for different land cover types or the influence of snow coverage, the classification accuracy of house type using traditional spectral based method can be decreased. To acquire the accurate houses distribution, a method based on the height information is proposed using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)in this study. With UAV flying at the height of 100m above ground, the route of the UVA was planned with the heading direction overlap of 77% and side direction overlap of 50%for the nearby pictures. Taking Qionghalajun Village in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for example, 69 pictures of the study area were obtained with DJI Phantom 3 professional. With those pictures input into the EasyUAV software, the Digital Elevation Model(DEM), Digital Surface Model(DSM), and Digital Orthophoto Map(DOM)were acquired based on photogrammetry method using the overlapped optical remote-sensing images of UAV. After that, the house distribution and height were acquired with the differences between DSM and DEM images larger than 2.6m. To eliminate the influences of disintegrated pixels on the house extraction, mainly caused by the trees or noise point, the classification aggregation tool of ENVI software was used with the disintegrated pixels' area less than 4m². Compared with visual interpretation result, the user accuracy and mapping accuracy of the house extraction method proposed in this study is 88.69% and 97.42%, respectively. In addition, to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the result of traditional supervised classification method using DOM data acquired previously was compared with the result of new method. The results show that the new method is more accurate the user accuracy and mapping accuracy of the supervised classification method, which is 43.23% and 85.30%, respectively. Besides the study area in this study, the performance of the proposed method will be evaluated at the other places in the further study.  相似文献   

浅谈低空无人机航摄试验     

来丽芳  徐攻博 《江苏测绘》2010,(2):60-61

本文介绍了浙江省进行的低空无人机航摄试验,较为详细地描述了试验条件,对获取的无人机航摄影像进行的后处理技术与取得的相应的成果进行了说明,并对成果进行了分析评价。  相似文献   

基于无人机摄影测量技术的高陡边坡危岩体特征构建与分析     

付德荃  王珊珊  吴彬  夏鑫 《地球学报》2024,45(1):53-62

在高陡边坡的危岩体调查中, 受限于调查人员可到达的范围, 难以获取危岩体的特征参数, 从而影响危岩体的稳定性判别。无人机摄影测量技术能够安全、快速、全面、精准的获取危岩体的特征信息。本文以鸡冠岭崩塌隐患为例, 利用无人机摄影测量技术获取坡面高精度影像, 通过提取点云数据构建三维模型, 基于最小二乘法完成平面拟合获取危岩体的体积及结构面产状信息, 并结合实际测量数据, 采用赤平极射投影法和极限平衡法定性和定量评价危岩体的稳定性。经过分析计算, 鸡冠岭崩塌四处主要危岩体的体积分别为102.86 m3、355.27 m3、236.60 m3和454.91 m3, 根据定性分析和定量计算, 危岩体均为欠稳定状态。通过本文的实践, 体现了无人机摄影测量技术在识别高位隐蔽危岩体方面的优势, 对于发展基于无人机摄影测量技术定量判定危岩体的稳定性方面具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

微型无人驾驶飞机气象探空系统   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

马舒庆  汪改 《南京气象学院学报》1998,21(4):715-721

微型无人驾驶飞机气象探空系统由微型无人驾驶飞机,数字化探空仪和地面接收控制处理系统组成。微型无人驾驶飞机采用ＧＰＳ导航,具有自动导航,、自动驾驶功能,它能在机载自动控制系统控制下完成预定航线的飞行,并实时地浆飞机的飞行轨迹和探测数据传送到地面。  相似文献   

无人机倾斜摄影测量土方计算及精度评定     

李博  徐敬海 《测绘通报》2020,(2):102

无人机倾斜摄影技术的不断发展为土方测量中存在的受地形限制，费时耗力等问题提供了解决途径。本文详细阐述了结合PhotoScan软件进行无人机倾斜摄影土方计算的方法，介绍了点云分类方法与非地面点高程值修正方法。通过对地面控制点、点云分类方法和非地面点高程等因素进行分析，提出了地面控制点布设优化三原则，并利用RTK土方计算结果对无人机倾斜摄影测量土方计算结果进行精度分析。结果表明：利用无人机倾斜摄影技术进行土方计算，不仅能够简化内外业工作流程，降低生产成本，同时，通过对地面控制点布设、点云分类方法和非地面点高程改进方法等影响因素进行优化，还能够在一定程度上提高土方计算的精度。  相似文献